Decision-making traps using data
KEY TAKEOUTS
DECISION-MAKING TRAPS USING DATA

The nature of descriptive analytics exposes an array of decision-making pitfalls for decision-makers. By developing an awareness around common cognitive traps, we can use our understanding of this process to make more balanced and meaningful decisions.
In this article, we reflect on the individual traps in the data decision-making process, learn how to frame a problem so that we can use insights to make better decisions, and understand these golden rules around decision-making pitfalls:
- The way we make decisions is far from the rational model
- Decision biases affect every step of the decision-making process
- Analytics can offer multiple tools to overcome biases and decision traps
Decision trap 1: Availability bias

Availability (bias) is a heuristic; whereby people make judgments about the likelihood of an event based on how easily an example, instance, or case comes to mind. We all experience availability bias in everyday dialogue, but especially in marketing when we hear; “but, you know it’s much harder to get data about that”, and this is often true. This emphases that it must be taken into consideration that there is an awareness and acknowledgement that the data being used may not necessarily answer your question.
It depends on how important the question that you’re trying to answer is; if it’s a high-stakes decision, you should be creative about collecting various sources of data to avoid this trap.
Decision trap 2: Short-term Emotions

Every decision we make is influenced by our emotions, and when high pressure situations are present, it’s very easy for our decision-making judgment to get clouded by these emotions, especially in group environments.
This obvious trap simply emphasises the importance of taking a moment to assess the external view. By allowing some distance from short-term pressures and emotions, we can assess the data without having our judgement being clouded and distracted. These windows create an opportunity for emotional intelligence (EQ) to flourish, where awareness and mindfulness will act as a key deterrent to this trap.
There is room for both emotions and data, particularly in creative environments. However, it’s often the case that the former can outweigh the latter when the pressure is very high, and that’s precisely what we need to avoid.
Decision trap 3: Confirmation Bias

Confirmation bias is the tendency to process information by looking for, or interpreting, information that is consistent with one’s existing beliefs. This biased approach to decision-making is largely unintentional and often results in ignoring inconsistent information.
We’re all very likely to fall into confirmation bias for the simple reason that it makes us feel intelligent. When we pursue a risky avenue, we seek people who will give us positive feedback and encourage us which is precisely what we want in terms of building our confidence. At the same time this should not be interpreted as objective evidence. And it’s not necessarily what we need to make a good decision.
What we actually need is the disconfirming evidence, which is evidence that refutes an opinion or forecast. Interestingly disconfirming evidence is regularly overlooked in data analysis and widely-considered to be the most underused.
Decision trap 4: Overconfidence

Overconfidence is ever pervasive in communications, and is arguably a requirement in this field to validate pitches or concepts. However, it’s a pitfall in the data science world, even for people whose jobs are to look at data and be objective. While we don’t want people who aren’t hopeful, as we would never have those breakthrough findings, at the same time, we need to stay objective and understand when something works and when something doesn’t. Therefore, we can see precisely why being able to use data in the right way is so critical.
Decision trap 5: Narrow Framing

Psychologically, the framing effect is a cognitive bias where people decide on options based on whether the options are presented with positive or negative connotations. When we use analytics, we can clearly define the objectives and the boundaries of those projects from the start. And this is not just important for our own understanding, it’s also critical for our peers so everybody can build a common consensus about what is it that we’re trying to achieve, how we measure success and what might be some of the limitations of our analysis.
When we suffer from a narrow frame effect, big data and advanced analytics can help us widen our frame because we can explore directions or hypothesis that normally we wouldn’t be able to simply because we wouldn’t have the opportunity to collect this data and infer patterns from them.
Summary

The general consensus indicates that the main obstacle for good decision-making is that we’re unaware of our own biases. If we think about common behaviour in the workplace, such as seeking positive feedback and recalling this only, we can see how our thinking can be susceptible to all these traps. However, as we know, avoiding negative feedback equals missing important insight for continued learning and development, a sentiment that is echoed greatly in data analysis.
- Published in Data, Psychology
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The use of voice search is past the early adopter phase and is growing faster than we can imagine. In fact, according to forecasts 50% of all searches will use voice by 2020.
Before we dig deeper into how the rise voice search will change the future of the digital marketing space, let’s look at the core differences between voice search and text search.
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Free Google advertising for NFP’s
OVERVIEW
FREE GOOGLE ADVERTISING FOR NON-PROFITS

One of the biggest marketing challenges for not-for-profit organisations is being able to drive relevant traffic through their websites for services provided. Fortunately, Google offers free search advertising for non-profits which provides an excellent opportunity to be competitive in Google for a very low cost compared to private organisations.
Indeed, it does sound too good to be true, however Google works with more than 35,000 non-profits globally. As long as your organisation meets the eligibility criteria discussed below, you can run ads in Google search with a monthly budget cap of US$10,000 for free. It is worth noting that this doesn’t apply to display, app and video advertising, only to text based adverts.
WHAT IS A GOOGLE AD GRANT?

A Google Ad Grant account is similar to a traditional AdWords account, with the exception you can only run search campaigns (text ads) and have a clicks budget cap of $10,000 per month. Running a search campaign provides many benefits being measurable, highly targeted and relevant to your target audience to drive leads.
To be eligible for the Google for non-profits program, your organisation must meet the following requirements:
- Be registered with Connecting Up, TechSoup Global’s regional arm.
- Be deductible gift recipients (DGRs) endorsed by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) or listed by name in the tax law; charities registered with the Australian Charities and Nonprofits Commission (ACNC); or income tax exempt not-for-profit organizations as defined by the ATO.
- Be located in Australia or one of the following territories: Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, or Norfolk Island.
Do note that Governmental entities, hospitals and healthcare organisations are not eligible.
Along with providing the opportunity to drive relevant consistent traffic, Google AdWords provides non-profits with invaluable metrics around utilisation and demand for services which our clients find useful for tendering and annual reports.
If you would like to find out more about deploying the Google Ad Grant for your non-profit organisation and how our team can guide you through the process, please get in touch.

- Published in Google, Not-For-Profit
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With developers pushing more than 1,000 apps to Apple’s App Store per day, competition in driving organic downloads has never been higher. App Store Optimisation (ASO) has become an essential step when releasing an app to maximise your audience.
ASO is the process of enhancing the visibility of a mobile app in an app store such (Google Play / iTunes) through optimisation techniques, similar to search engine optimisation (SEO).
Below are our recommended steps for executing ASO on your app.